Emanuel, Discontinuation and Reinitiation of Dual-Labeled GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among US Adults With Overweight or Obesity
rescued low endogenous -MSH levels in red-haired mice pharmacologically: melanotan II, (that mimics -MSH action) increased (i.e., reversed) pain sensitivity in red-haired but not black mice, in a sex-independent manner
This immune response increases the production of TMA, and studies have found that higher levels of LPS are associated with higher levels of TMAO (Bach Knudsen et al., 2018)
Whereas large prospective cohorts, such as the Shanghai Womens Cohort, the UK Million Women Study, the Swedish twin cohort, and the Dutch National Cohort reported null associations 290,291,292,293,294
The authors write that Louwagies case report (and others) should not detract from the substantial value of GLP-1 based therapies, but they do speak yet again to the importance of individualized therapy