this phenomenon has been linked with the increased resistance at doxorubicin treatment due to the lack of CT2 in the cell membrane that, in turn, impairs drug entry into cancer cells (Novak et al., 2015)
Although pretreatment with inflammatory factors such as IFN and TNF has been shown to lead to consistent gene expression in MSCs (Lpez-Garca and Castro-Manrreza, 2021), more methods to reduce heterogeneity still need to be continuously explored and developed
Westphal LM, Polan ML, Trant AS, Mooney SB
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Access this article Similar content being viewed by others Abbreviations AKG: -Ketoglutarate ASCT2: Alanine, Serine, Cysteine Transporter 2 CRC: Colorectal carcinoma ccRCC: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ER: Estrogen receptor Gln: Glutamine GS: Glutamine synthetase GLUD: Glutamate dehydrogenase GLS: Glutaminase isoenzyme GLS2: Glutaminase 2 isoenzyme GSH: Glutathione HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma LAT1: Large amino acid transporter mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin NSCLC: Non-small cell lung cancer ROS: Reactive oxygen species SNAT: Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter SLC1A5: Solute-linked carrier family A1 member 5 References DeBerardinis RJ, Chandel NS (2016) Fundamentals of cancer metabolism
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