Studies were excluded if they were duplicative, lacked sufficient data, were of limited relevance, or focused on non-diabetic renal diseases without metabolic assessment
Similar content being viewed by others Introduction Amid the continuously increasing global incidence of diabetes, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as a cornerstone in type 2 diabetes treatment, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in glycemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction [1, 2]
Crucially, this worked at extremely low concentrations picomolar to nanomolar suggesting high biological potency
Laboratory evaluation typically shows elevated TSH, low free thyroxine (fT4), and increased TPOAb titers, while thyroid ultrasound reveals diffuse hypoechogenicity and heterogeneous parenchymal texture
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