How the condition is evaluated and managed Clinicians typically confirm B12 status with blood work serum B12, and often methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine, which rise when B12 is functionally low
Compared with ADCs, PDCs exhibit better tumor penetration because of their small molecular weight, lower systemic exposure (owing to rapid clearance from the body), lower risk of immunogenicity and liver damage, and easier and cheaper production methods
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The oral formulation appeals to a larger group of patients, mainly those who do not want injections
Severe reactions like anaphylaxis need emergency care